Vaporizer for oil-engines.



No. 771,881. PATENTED OCT. 11, 1904. D. R. MORRISON.

VAPORIZER FOR OIL ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1904.

NO MODEL.

Mem, uazg/mmwo@ TIT-ey r UNITED STATES Patented october 11, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

VAPORIZER FOR OIL-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 771,881, dated October 11, 1904.

Application filed January 25, 1904. Serial No. 190,516. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DUDLEY R. MORRISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford City, in the county of Blackford and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers for Oil-Engines, of which the following is a speciiication.

The object of this invention is to utilize crude petroleum as the source from which a supply of hydrocarbon is obtained for operat. ingan explosive-engine, to provide means for vaporizing the oil, and then to explode the vapor without the aid of an electric spark, heated tube, or other means than that provided by the heat generated in the cylinder from the previous explosion.

I accomplish the objects of the invention by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which` Figure vl is a vertical longitudinal section of anlengine embodying my improvements, and Fig. 2 atransverse section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Y

Like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout both views of the drawings.

3 is the engine-cylinder; 4, the engine-shaft;

5, the crank-wheel; 6, the piston, which is connected by pitman 7 with. awrist-pin on the crank-wheel.

8 is an air-tight housing which surrounds the crank-wheel.

The cylinder 3 has only one head 9, the inner end being open into the housing 8. 10 is an air-inlet to the interior of the said housing and is controlled by a suitable spring-closed valve which permits of an inflow of air, but not of a discharge of air therethrough. cylinder is surrounded with the usual waterjacket 1l.

12 is a port which allows the air in the housing 8 to enter the cylinder within the area of travel of the piston, so as to be uncovered when the piston is at the inner end of its stroke or nearest to the crank-wheel, and 13 is the exhaust-port, which is somewhat farther out from the crank-wheel thanv port l2.

Inside of the cylinder, near the head 9, is a wall 14:, which provides a chamber 15 for heatingthe hydrocarbon vapors. Extending' into The i the cylinder from the wall lat is the series of flanges 16, which extend diagonally across the said wall in alternate opposite directions, the lower end of the first discharging upon the higher end of the next below, and so on. These flanges are to receive a discharge of the hydrocarbon (crude oil) through pipe 17, beginning at the top one. Their outer edges. are elevated, so as to form a trough for the oil to run in. The pipe 17 communicates with thecan or reservoir 18. It is provided with the cock 19 and the checkfvalve 20, the latter being for the purpose of preventing back pressure to the reservoir when an explosion occurs. At the lower side of the cylinder, under the chamber 15, is the sleeve 21, having hollow walls that are connected with the reservoir 18 by pipe 22.

23 is apipe leading'from the hollow wall of the sleeve to the vertical nozzle 2/1, at the lower end of which is the pan 25. The latter is filled with oil by overflow from the nozzle as the first step in starting the engine. This oil is ignited, the heat passing up through the sleeve and through the chamber 15 and out through the flue 26. The latter has a cover 27, by which the iiue is closed when desired. The chamber 15 is at the sides, as well as at the back, of wall 14 and quickly heatsv the latter, lso that oil discharged upon the flanges 16 will be vaporized. When this condition obtains, the cover 27 is closed and the oil-supply through pipe 23 is cut off by means of cock 28 and the upper supply relied on to run the engine. The head "9 is lined with asbestos 29 to prevent the radiation of heat through said head.

The operation of my improved engine is as follows: Starting with the piston in the position shown in Fig. l, the latter is moved by hand toward the crank-wheel to the end of the stroke, which opens the exhaust-port and after that the air-supply port, andthe compression of air in the housing forces air into the cylinder to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor which has been generated from the oil by the means described in the foregoing' paragraph. Then the piston is made to travel back, so as to close both ports and compress the mixture of air and hydrocarbon vapor in IOO the outer end of the cylinder, and when the pressure reaches a certain maximum spontaneous combustion will ensue, the force of which will drive the piston back toward the crank-wheel. The continued generation of the hydrocarbon vapor by the heat generated at each explosion and the alternate filling of the cylinder with air and the compression of the air and vapor will keep the piston continuously reciprocating in the cylinder.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an explosive-engine,acylinder having one closed end, a partition adjacent to said closed end forming a heating-chamber, diagonal ianges in alternate opposite directions on said partition forming oil-runs, an oil-supply to said runs, an air-supply to the cylinder and means for compressing the air and vapor to spontaneous combustion.

2. ln an explosive-engine,a cylinder having an end heating-chamber, means for heating' said heating-chamber to start the engine, oilruns extending into the cylinder from the inner wall ol' said chamber, means for supplying oil to said oil-runs, means for supplying air to the cylinder, and a piston to compress the air and hydrocarbon vapor.

3. 1n an explosive-engine,acylinder having an end heating-chamber open to atmosphere at the bottom and having a valve-closed top opening, a sleeve at the bottom openingl having hollow walls, an oil-cup below said sleeve, an oil-supply to the chamber in the walls of l the sleeve and an oil-supply from said chainber in the sleeve having an overflow into said cup, means for stopping the supply of oil t0 the sleeve and for closing the opening to atmosphere at the top of the said heating-chamber, Oil-runs supported by the inner wall of said heating-chamber and opening into said cylinder, an oil-supply thereto, an air-supply to the cylinder and a piston reciprocating in said cylinder to compress the air and vapors for the purposes specied.

il. ln an explosive-engine,a cylinder having an end heating-chamber lined with asbestos or other good non-conductor of heat on its outer surface, oil-runs supported by the inner wall of said heating-chamber opening into said cylinder, an oil-supply thereto, an air-supply to the cylinder and a piston reciprocating in said cylinder to compress the air and vapors for the purposes specilied.

5. In an explosive-engine,a cylinder having an end heating-chamber, oil-runs supported by the inner wall of said heating-chamber opening into said cylinder, an oil-supply thereto, an air-supply to the cylinder, a piston reciprocating in said cylinder to compress the air and vapors and lire it with the aid of the heat of former explosions in the cylinder and a water-jacket surrounding the cylinder but not the heating-chamber.

6. ln an explosive-engine,acylinder having an end heating-chamber, oil-runs opening into said cylinder and supported by the inner wall ol said heating-chamber, an oil-supply thereto, an air-supply to said cylinder, an exhaust between said air supply and said heatingchamber, and a piston reciprocating in said cylinder to open and close the air-supply and exhaust ports and to compress the air and hydrocarbon vapors.

1n witness whcreoil lhave hereunto set my hand and seal, at Indianapolis, Indiana, this 9th day of January, A. D. 1904:.

DUDLEY R. MORRlSON. [L s] Vitn esses:

JOSEPH A. MINTURN, S. MAHLON UNGER. 

